What is Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA)?

 

(Text from the poster presented by Thomas J. Brandeis, Research Forester and Rodney C. Kindlund, Public Affairs Officer, Southern Research Station, 4700 Old Kingston Pike, Knoxville, TN 37919.)

 

Forestry Research Act (McSweeney-McNary) of 1928, requires the USDA Forest Service to “make and keep current a comprehensive inventory and analysis of the present and prospective conditions and requirements for the renewable resources of the forest and rangelands of the United States and cooperate with the appropriate officials of each

State, territory, or possession of the United States” (Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA, PL 93-378)).

 

This includes inventorying the forests of the continental United States (CONUS), Alaska and Hawaii, as well as tropical islands in the Pacific and the Caribbean oceans.

 

To accomplish this goal in a consistent, scientific manner, across these diverse forests, the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program uses a core set of standardized methods, with regional modifications where needed.  FIA data allows us to compare forests from St. John to Guam, from Alaska to Puerto Rico.

 

For the Caribbean island surveys, FIA works to:

 

*      Implement accurate, scientific forest surveys tailored to the island’s unique tropical forests

 

*      Establish a forest health monitoring network on the islands

 

*      Sponsor research and development into improving island forest inventory and monitoring, and broadening its international applicability/significance (e.g. global change, Criteria and Indicators)

 

*      Get information about the islands’ forests to the public through publications, presentations, and websites

 

 

Why does FIA measure trees?

The nature of the island environment and often rugged mountain terrain may mean an increased emphasis and investment in remote sensing technology over field visits and expanded use of remote sensing for areas beyond forested ecosystems. Innovations piloted in the islands could lead to improvements in the FIA technologies on the mainland. It has been recognized that forested lands on tropical islands are unique because of the high complexity and biological diversity that are found on very small land bases. On islands, ecosystem components change dramatically with elevation and topography, creating challenging conditions for conducting a strategic inventory of forest resources.

 

Basic tree information

Trees, saplings, and seedlings are measured in every forest inventory plot.  For each tree within the plot, FIA records:

*      Species

*      Diameter at breast height (1.37 m)

*      Height to top of tree

*      Height to base of live crown

*      Crown width

*      Distance and azimuth from plot center

 

 

Forest health monitoring

On a subset of the inventory plots, FIA collects data that helps us assess the health of the islands’ forest ecosystems.  On the Caribbean islands, FIA monitors:

*      Tree crown condition – generally good crown conditions are signs of vigorous trees and poor crown conditions are symptoms of trees under stress.  We will also measure crown damage from hurricanes and their subsequent recovery.

*      Forest soil analyses – soil erosion and compaction are assessed, and samples of the soil and forest floor are collected to measure their fertility.

*      Down woody debris – is useful in determining forest fire risks and, combined with the vegetation structure data, can be used in assessing wildlife habitat.

 

 

Who wants the FIA survey information?

There is a strong need to create awareness among island residents, territorial/commonwealth legislatures and federal agencies of the uniqueness of island ecosystems and the significant ecological changes that they have been experiencing recently, manifesting themselves in changes in land cover, land use, and biological diversity. Reports on forest condition will be most useful in creating public awareness and crystallizing action if they bring together available information describing the current situation and recent trends; point out what the future will be like if the trends are allowed to continue unchanged; build the case that with better information resource managers can take steps to reinforce desirable trends and mitigate undesirable trends; and highlight inventory and monitoring activities needed to fill gaps, improve data quality, and enable resource managers to influence trends in preferred ways.

 

The survey information will be useful to:

*      Land use planners

*      Urban planners

*      Decision makers from local and provincial governments

*      Forest resource managers

*      Environmental action groups

*      Businesses that use resources from the forest

*      General public

 

 

How is the survey information released?

After the forest surveys are completed, the information is released in a report published by the Southern Research Station. This information is made available to anyone wishing to receive a copy. The information will also be made available for downloading from the Forest Inventory and Analysis Website.

 

However, the actual plot locations will not be made public to protect landowner confidentiality.

 

 

What does FIA do with the information?

The FIA Program collects, analyzes, and reports information on the status and trends of America’s forests: how much forest exists, where it exists, who owns it, and how it is changing, as well as how the trees and other forest vegetation are growing and how much has died or has been removed in recent years. This information can be used in many ways, such as in evaluating wildlife habitat conditions, assessing the sustainability of

ecosystem management practices, and supporting planning and decision-making activities undertaken by public and private enterprises.

 

After the forest surveys are completed, the data is entered into database systems for compiling into the FIA reports.

 

 

What doesn’t FIA do with the information?

The information and data gathered during the FIA survey period, although a matter of public record after the surveys are complete, is not used as a basis for taxation records and the plot locations are not shared with any other government agency due to the confidentiality of these locations.

 

 

For more information, please contact:

If you have questions, comments, or want to receive a copy of the final FIA Survey Reports for Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, you can:

 

• Request a hardcopy printed report:

USDA Forest Service

Southern Research Station

P.O. Box 2680

Asheville, NC 28802

Attn: Publications

 

Make sure to include the title and publication

 

• Go to the Southern Research Station Website:

www.srs.fs.usda.gov and search under

publications. (You can also go to the Website

to order a hardcopy publication).

 

• Go to the Forest Inventory and Analysis Website:

www.srsfia2.fs.fed.us and search for the

publication.